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Tuesday, November 23, 2010

EXAM 2

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vZumD-fX3ERpb2_Z0Jtjr4AVmIwAYsmFLo5V8zSy4Z0/edit?hl=en#

Posted by Delamarter at 5:56 AM

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Delamarter

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MUDSLIDES

A mudslide is a rapid movement of mud and other materials. Many things can vary in a mudslide: the water content, types of debris involved, speed of the movement, length of the movement, and etc.

Mudslides happen on slopes, usually after the slope is weakened by some force. This force is usually massive amounts of water. When the ground soaks up the water it becomes loose; the ground can become so loose that the slope can’t hold itself up. For a mudslide to happen massive amounts of water need to be dumped onto the slope in a short amount of time. The water usually comes in the form of rain but can also come from flooding, or melting snow and ice. Humans can also help trigger mudslides.

Mudslides are hard to predict, we know the causes of mudslides and have some forewarning. In America the most common method of warning people about mudslides is a reverse 911 call In areas with slopes without vegetation to hold it together mudslides can be common. Also in areas where there is commonly flooding or earthquakes mudslides often occur.

Mudslides can severely affect the environment and people. Mudslides can rapidly change the lay of the land, which can have horrible affects on the people near it.

Mudslides are caused by many reasons, some natural and some influenced by humans.

Natural

ground water pressure acting to destabilize the slope

Loss or absence of vertical vegetative structure, soil nutrients, and soil structure(e.g. after a wildfire)

erosion of the toe of a slope by rivers or ocean waves

weakening of a slope through saturation by snow melt, glaciers melting, or heavy rains

earthquakes adding loads to barely-stable slope

earthquake-caused liquafaction destabilizing slopes

volcanic eruptions

Human

vibrations from machinery or traffic

blasting

earthwork which alters the shape of a slope, or which imposes new loads on an existing slope

in shallow soils, the removal of deep-rooted vegetation that binds colluviums to bedrock

Construction, agricultural or forestry activities (logging) which change the amount of water which infiltrates the soil.

Links to other info

http://library.thinkquest.org/3805/events/keithmud.htm

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tag/mudlsides

http://www.essortment.com/all/whataremudslid_rkvm.htm

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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